Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
,Assistant professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran
2
Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature , Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran
Abstract
The ideological square model is one of Van Dijk’s innovations in the field of critical discourse analysis. According to this model, power institutions, as a self-group, use four principles to impose ideology and cover up the truth: expressing the positive attributes of the self-group, expressing the negative attributes of another group, de-emphasizing the negative attributes of the self, and de-emphasizing the positive attributes of the other. In this study, the Shahnameh narrative of the story of Bahram Chobin and Khosrow Parviz is analyzed with an emphasis on the verbal argument part. According to this study, the power group (Khosrow) has used techniques such as analogy, sophistry, evasion and ambiguity, exaggeration and dramatization, metaphorization, threat and enticement, deception, and questioning for positive self-representation and negative other-representation. As a representative of the upper class, Khosrow, relying on elements of ideological domination such as race, religion, and hereditary kingship, emphasizes his positive points and denies his mistakes. On the other hand, he tries to ignore Bahram's merits by highlighting the negative points of his function. The findings show that the main compilers of this narrative have tried to advance the story in his favor and the power group in various ways, such as highlighting Bahram's negative traits, downplaying Khosrow's mistakes, not respecting the turn-taking system, and allocating more time to Khosrow during the debate to prove himself. Ferdowsi, as a later narrator of this story, is also consistent with the main compilers.
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